LIOS Logs

Stratis is a higher-level storage manager that wires together LVM, thin provisioning, and XFS behind a single simple pool-and-filesystem interface, managed by a daemon. LVM is powerful but multi-step (PV → VG → LV → mkfs → mount). Stratis hides that machinery: you add disks to a...

Quiz: LIOS / Disk and Block Device Management | updated: Jul 30, 2026

Give each stream its own target: cmd > out.txt 2> err.txt puts normal output in one file and errors in another. You can redirect both streams in a single command by listing both operators. They're independent, so results and errors never mix: ls > out.txt 2> err.txt # out.txt ->...

Quiz: LIOS / Reading and Editing Files from the Command Line | updated: Jul 30, 2026

Run vim filename — it opens the file (or creates it if missing), starting you in Normal mode. vim /etc/passwd This loads /etc/passwd for viewing/editing. A crucial first-timer fact: you land in Normal mode, not typing mode. Pressing letters runs commands rather than inserting te...

Quiz: LIOS / Reading and Editing Files from the Command Line | updated: Jul 30, 2026

/pattern searches forward (? backward), n/N jump to next/previous match, and :%s/old/new/g replaces throughout the file. Search and replace is where vim gets genuinely fast. / finds; the substitute command :s replaces. The leading range decides scope: nothing = current line, % =...

Quiz: LIOS / Reading and Editing Files from the Command Line | updated: Jul 30, 2026

/dev/null is a special device file that discards everything written to it — redirect a stream there to silence it. /dev/null is the system's "black hole": anything you write vanishes, and reading from it gives instant end-of-file. Because it behaves like a file, you can aim any r...

Quiz: LIOS / Reading and Editing Files from the Command Line | updated: Jul 30, 2026

/boot holds the files the machine needs to actually start Linux — the kernel image, the initramfs, and the bootloader's configuration. This directory is special because it's read at the most fragile moment: power-on, before the full system exists. The boot sequence is roughly boo...

Quiz: LIOS / Files and Directories | updated: Jul 30, 2026

/usr is the big read-only hierarchy where the bulk of installed software lives — programs, libraries, and shared data — as opposed to the small set of essentials on the root partition. Think of it as the "everything that isn't needed for early boot" half of the system. The handfu...

Quiz: LIOS / Files and Directories | updated: Jul 30, 2026

An inode ("index node") is the on-disk record holding everything about a file except its name and its contents — permissions, owner, size, timestamps, and pointers to where the data actually lives. * An ext2 inode: metadata plus pointers to the data blocks — the filename lives i...

Quiz: LIOS / Files and Directories | updated: Jul 30, 2026

tldr and cheat are community-written, example-first cheatsheets — they answer "just show me how to use this command" without the exhaustive detail of a full man page. They exist because man pages are reference documents, not tutorials. The tar man page is thousands of words cover...

Quiz: LIOS / Files and Directories | updated: Jul 30, 2026

The kernel is the operating system's core — the privileged layer that controls the hardware and shares it out fairly among all running programs. * User-space programs must ask the kernel via syscalls; only the privileged kernel touches the hardware. * Think of the kernel as the...

Quiz: LIOS / Linux Introduction | updated: Jul 30, 2026